Number activation
One rental of a number for one verification: the number is allocated to you, receives the code, then returns to the provider's pool.
In SMS-verification services, an activation is the unit you buy. A specific number, allocated to you, for a specific service, for a limited window. The SMS arrives, you use the code, the activation completes.
If no SMS arrives within the window, a well-built platform cancels the activation and refunds automatically, so a failed attempt costs nothing.
The four states an activation moves through
It starts as waiting, becomes received when the code lands, then completes when you confirm you used it. The fourth state is cancelled, which happens when the window expires or when you cancel by hand.
Cancelling early is worth doing when the number is clearly not going to work, since it frees the number and returns the money at once rather than after the timer.
Buying one through the API
The same unit exists in the API, where a request asks for a service and country, returns a number and an activation id, and a second call polls for the code. Test suites use exactly this loop to check their own sign-up flows against a real number.
Worked examples live in the Python and Go guides, both of which release the number at the end rather than waiting for the timer.
One activation, one service
You choose the service when you buy, and the number is bound to that choice for the window. A code from a different platform arriving at the same number is not what the activation is watching for.
That binding is what lets a provider avoid offering the same number twice to the same platform, which is the single biggest factor in whether a code gets accepted.